51社区

Keith Markman

Dr. Keith Markman. portrait
Associate Professor
Porter 227, Athens Campus
Psychology
markman@ohio.edu
740-593-1083

Education

Ph.D., Social Psychology, Indiana University (1994)
B.A. in Psychology, University of Michigan (1989)

Courses Taught

Committees Served

Research

Dr. Markman is currently accepting new Ph.D. students.

Publications and Presentations

Specializations

  1. Mental simulation, especially counterfactual thinking and regret, but also nostalgia, autobiographical memory, creativity, narrative transportation, and comparison processes more generally (e.g., counterfactual, social, and temporal comparisons).
  2. Prospection, especially psychological momentum, but also forecasting and debiasing.
  3. Meaning, especially as it relates to self-motives and responses to self-threats.

Research Interests

First and foremost, Dr. Markman鈥檚 research focuses on how people imagine alternative realities. This type of activity is referred to as 鈥渃ounterfactual thinking,鈥 and Dr. Markman鈥檚 research has demonstrated how such thinking can exert powerful psychological effects on judgments (e.g., determining causation, influencing people鈥檚 beliefs in Free Will and Fate), emotions (e.g., upward 鈥渋t could have been better鈥 counterfactuals trigger feelings of regret, downward 鈥渋t could have been worse鈥 counterfactuals elicit feelings of relief and imbue life events with meaning), and behaviors (e.g., upward counterfactuals increase people鈥檚 effort and performance, additive 鈥渋f only it HAD happened鈥 counterfactuals enhance people鈥檚 creativity, subtractive 鈥渋f only it had NOT happened鈥 counterfactuals enhance people鈥檚 analytical thinking quality). Dr. Markman鈥檚 Reflection and Evaluation Model (REM) of comparative thinking (Markman & McMullen, 2003, 2005) allows for a more rigorous understanding of not only counterfactual thinking but also other forms of mental simulation such as the mixed emotional experience of nostalgia, the transportive effect of written and visual narratives, and how people compare themselves to others.

Secondly, Dr. Markman is interested in how people think about the future. In particular, he has recently begun to study the common perception among individuals that a psychological force called 鈥渕omentum鈥 exists that can powerfully influence performance. In athletic contexts, the belief in psychological momentum is so pervasive that one can hardly read about or view a sporting event without being exposed to references to how momentum-shifting plays influenced the outcome of a game. Importantly, however, individuals also believe that they can experience momentum while they are designing a computer program, writing a paper, or cleaning an apartment, and political campaigns and celebrity careers are often described as gaining or losing momentum. Dr. Markman鈥檚 research (e.g., Briki & Markman, under review; Markman & Guenther, 2007) examines people鈥檚 lay theories about momentum and how such theories influence people鈥檚 expectations regarding future outcomes for both themselves and others. For instance, his research has discovered how people believe that a) defeating a rival increases momentum perceptions; b) the more momentum accumulates during a prior task, the more residual momentum is left to carry over to a subsequent task; and c) an individual whose momentum is interrupted is expected to have greater difficulty completing a task than is an individual whose steady progress is interrupted.

At a Glance
(*current or former student co-author)

Choi, H*., & Markman, K.D. (in press). 鈥淚f only I had鈥 versus 鈥淚f only I had not:鈥 Mental deletions, mental additions, and perceptions of meaning. Journal of Positive Psychology.

Briki, W. & Markman, K.D. (2018). . Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 14.

Osborn, H.*, Markman, K.D., & Howell, J.L. (under review). Nostalgia and temporal self-appraisal: Preferring past over present selves. Emotion.

Rios, K., Markman, K.D., Schroeder, J*., & Dyczewski, E.A*. (2014). A (creative) portrait of the uncertain individual: Self-uncertainty and individualism enhance creative generation. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 40, 1050-1062.

Lindberg, M.J*., Markman, K.D., & Choi, H*. (2013). 鈥淚t was meant to be:鈥 Retrospective meaning construction through mental simulation. In K.D. Markman, T. Proulx, & M.J. Lindberg (Eds.), The psychology of meaning (pp. 339-355). Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.

More books, publications, and presentations below.

Courses Taught

Graduate

  • Mental Simulation
  • Motivation
  • Professional Development Issues in Social Psychology
  • Psychology of Meaning
  • Social Cognition
  • Social Psychology

Undergraduate

  • Introduction to Psychology
  • Social Psychology

Graduate Students

Nicholas Sosa

Publications

Books

Markman, K.D., Proulx, T., & Lindberg, M.J*. (2013). The psychology of meaning. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.

Markman, K.D., Klein, W.M.P., & Suhr, J.A. (2009). Handbook of imagination and mental simulation. New York: Psychology Press.

Journal Publications and Book Chapters

Choi, H*., & Markman, K.D. (in press). 鈥淚f only I had鈥 versus 鈥淚f only I had not:鈥 Mental deletions, mental additions, and perceptions of meaning. Journal of Positive Psychology.

Briki, W. & Markman, K.D. (2018). . Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 14.

Briki, W., Markman, K.D., Coudevylle, G., Sinnapah, S., & Hue, O. (2016). Momentum sequence and environmental climate influence levels of perceived psychological momentum within a sport competition. European Journal of Sport Science, 16, 350-357.

Briki, W. den Hartigh, R.J.R., Markman, K.D., Gernigon, C. (2014). How do supporters perceive positive and negative psychological momentum changes during a simulated cycling competition? Psychology of Sport & Exercise, 15, 216-221.

Briki, W., Doron, J., Markman, K.D., den Hartigh, R.J.R., & Gernigon, C. (2014). Differential reactions of virtual actors and observers to the triggering and interruption of psychological momentum. Motivation & Emotion, 38, 263-269.

Rios, K., Markman, K.D., Schroeder, J*., & Dyczewski, E.A*. (2014). A (creative) portrait of the uncertain individual: Self-uncertainty and individualism enhance creative generation. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 40, 1050-1062.

Briki, W., den Hartigh, R.J.R., Markman, K.D., & Gernigon, C. (2013). How psychological momentum changes in athletes during a sport competition. Psychology of Sport & Exercise, 14, 389-396.

Lindberg, M.J*., Markman, K.D., & Choi, H*. (2013). 鈥淚t was meant to be:鈥 Retrospective meaning construction through mental simulation. In K.D. Markman, T. Proulx, & M.J. Lindberg (Eds.), The psychology of meaning (pp. 339-355). Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.

Markman, K.D., & Dyczewski, E.A*. (2013). Mental simulation: Looking back in order to look ahead. In D. Carlston (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of social cognition (pp. 402-416). New York: Oxford University Press.

Miller, A.K*., Markman, K.D., Wagner, M.M., & Hunt, A.N. (2013). Mental simulation and sexual prejudice reduction: The debiasing role of counterfactual thinking following discrimination. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 43, 190-194.

Proulx, T.B., Markman, K.D., and Lindberg, M.J*. (2013). The new science of meaning. In K.D. Markman, T. Proulx, & M.J. Lindberg (Eds.), The psychology of meaning (pp. 3-14). Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.

Zafirides, P., Markman, K.D., Proulx, T., & Lindberg, M.J*. (2013). Psychotherapy and the restoration of meaning: Existential philosophy in clinical practice. In K.D. Markman, T. Proulx, & M.J. Lindberg (Eds.), The psychology of meaning (pp. 465-477). Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.

Dyczewski, E.A*., & Markman, K.D. (2012). General attainability beliefs moderate the motivational consequences of counterfactual thinking. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 48, 1217-1220.

Markman, K.D., & Beike, D.R. (2012). Regret, consistency, and choice: An opportunity X mitigation framework. In B. Gawronski & F. Strack (Eds.), Cognitive consistency: A fundamental principle in social cognition (pp. 305-325). New York: Guilford Press.

Miller, A.K*., Markman, K.D., Amacker, A.M., & Menaker, T. (2012). Expressed sexual assault legal context and victim culpability attributions. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27, 1023-1039.

Markman, K.D., & Dyczewski, E.A*. (2010). Think and act global and local: A portrait of the individual as a flexible information-processor. Psychological Inquiry, 21, 239-241.

Miller, A.K*., Handley, I.M*., Markman, K.D., & Miller, J.H. (2010). Deconstructing self-blame following sexual assault: The critical roles of cognitive content and process. Violence against Women, 16, 1120-1137.

Beike, D.R., Markman, K.D., & Karadogan, F*. (2009). What we regret most are lost opportunities: A theory of regret intensity. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 35, 385-397.

Kray, L., Galinsky, A.D. & Markman, K.D. (2009). Counterfactual structure and learning from experience in negotiations. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 45, 979-982.

Markman, K.D., Karadogan, F*., Lindberg, M.J*., & Zell, E*. (2009). Counterfactual thinking: Function and dysfunction. In Markman, K.D., Klein, W.M.P., & Suhr, J.A. (Eds.), Handbook of imagination and mental simulation (pp. 175-194). New York: Psychology Press.

Wong, E.M., Kray, L.J., Galinsky, A.D., & Markman, K.D. (2009). Stimulating creativity in groups through mental simulation. In J. Goncalo (Ed.), Research on managing groups and teams (Vol. 12, pp. 111-134).

Elizaga, R.A*., & Markman, K.D. (2008). Peers and performance: How in-group and out-group comparisons moderate stereotype threat effects. Current Psychology, 27, 290-300.

Markman, K.D., McMullen, M.N., & Elizaga, R.A*. (2008). Counterfactual thinking, persistence, and performance: A test of the reflection and evaluation model. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 44, 421-428.

Markman, K.D., Mizoguchi, N*., & McMullen, M.N. (2008). 鈥淚t would have been worse under Saddam:鈥 Implications of counterfactual thinking for beliefs regarding the ethical treatment of prisoners of war. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 44, 650-654.

Markman, K.D., Elizaga, R.A*., Ratcliff, J.J*., & McMullen, M.N. (2007). The interplay between counterfactual reasoning and feedback dynamics in producing inferences about the self. Thinking and Reasoning, 13, 188-206.

Markman, K.D., & Guenther, C.L*. (2007). Psychological momentum: Intuitive physics and na茂ve beliefs. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 33, 800-812.

Markman, K.D., Lindberg, M.J*., Kray, L.J., & Galinsky, A.D. (2007). Implications of counterfactual structure for creative generation and analytical problem solving. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 33, 312-324.

Markman, K.D., & McMullen, M.N. (2007). Counterfactuals need not be comparative: The case of 鈥渁s if.鈥 Behavioral and Brain Science, 30, 461-462.

Markman, K.D., Ratcliff, J.J*., Mizoguchi, N*., Elizaga, R.A*., & McMullen, M.N. (2007). Assimilation and contrast in counterfactual thinking and other mental simulation-based comparisons. In D.A. Stapel & J. Suls (Eds.), Assimilation and contrast in social psychology (pp. 187-206). Psychology Press.

Miller, A.K*., & Markman, K.D. (2007). Depression, regulatory focus, and motivation. Personality and Individual Differences, 43, 427-436.

Miller, A.K*., Markman, K.D., & Handley, I*. (2007). Self-blame among sexual assault victims prospectively predicts revictimization: A perceived sociolegal context model of risk. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 29, 129-136.

Markman, K.D., McMullen, M.N., Elizaga, R*., & Mizoguchi, N*. (2006). Counterfactual thinking and regulatory fit. Judgment and Decision Making, 1, 98-107.

Markman, K.D., & Miller, A.K*. (2006). Depression, control, and counterfactual thinking: Functional for whom? Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 25, 210-227.

Ratcliff, J.J*., Lassiter, G.D., Markman, K.D., & Snyder, C.J*. (2006). Gender differences in attitudes toward gay men and lesbians: The role of motivation to respond without prejudice. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32, 1325-1338.

Markman, K.D., & McMullen, M.N. (2005). Reflective and evaluative modes of mental simulation. In Mandel, D.R., Hilton, D.J., & Catellani, P. (Eds.), The psychology of counterfactual thinking (pp. 77-93). London: Routledge.

Hirt, E.R., Kardes, F., & Markman, K.D. (2004). Activating a mental simulation mind-set through generation of alternatives: Implications for debiasing in related and unrelated domains. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 40, 374-383.

Markman, K.D., & McMullen, M.N. (2003). A reflection and evaluation model of comparative thinking. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 7, 244-267.

Markman, K.D., & Hirt, E.R. (2002). Social prediction and the 鈥渁llegiance bias.鈥 Social Cognition, 20, 58-86.

McMullen, M.N., & Markman, K.D. (2002). Affective impact of close counterfactuals: Implications of possible futures for possible pasts. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 38, 64-70.

Markman, K.D., & Tetlock, P.E. (2000a). Accountability and close-call counterfactuals: The loser who nearly won and the winner who nearly lost. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 1213-1224.

Markman, K.D., & Tetlock, P.E. (2000b). 鈥淚 couldn鈥檛 have known鈥: Accountability, foreseeability, and counterfactual denials of responsibility. British Journal of Social Psychology, 39, 313-325.

Markman, K.D. (2000). 鈥淕oing to where the action is鈥 versus 鈥淐reating the action:鈥 A reply to Antaki. British Journal of Social Psychology, 39, 333-336.

McMullen, M.N., & Markman, K.D. (2000). Downward counterfactuals and motivation: The 鈥渨ake-up call鈥 and the 鈥淧angloss鈥 effect. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 576-585.

Hirt, E.R., McDonald, H.G., & Markman, K.D. (1998). Expectancy effects in reconstructive memory: When the past is just what we expected. In S. Lynn & K.M. McConkey (Eds.), Truth in memory (pp. 62-89). New York: Guilford Press.

Markman, K.D., & Weary, G. (1998). Depression, control motivation, and counterfactual thought. In M. Kofta, G. Weary, & G. Sedek (Eds.), Personal control in action: Cognitive and motivational mechanisms (pp. 363-390). New York: Plenum Press.

Markman, K.D., & Weary, G. (1996). The influence of chronic control concerns on counterfactual thought. Social Cognition, 14, 292-316.

Hirt, E.R., & Markman, K.D. (1995). Multiple explanation: A consider-an-alternative strategy for de-biasing judgments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 1069-1086.

Markman, K.D., Gavanski, I., Sherman, S.J., & McMullen, M.N. (1995). The impact of perceived control on the imagination of better and worse possible worlds. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21, 578-585.

McMullen, M.N., Markman, K.D., & Gavanski, I. (1995). Living in neither the best nor worst of all possible worlds: Antecedents and consequences of upward and downward counterfactual thinking. In N.J. Roese and J.M. Olson (Eds.), What might have been: Social psychological perspectives on counterfactual thinking (pp. 133-167). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Markman, K.D., Gavanski, I., Sherman, S.J., & McMullen, M.N. (1993). The mental simulation of better and worse possible worlds. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 29, 87-109.

Peer-Reviewed Conference Presentations

Choi, H*., & Markman, K.D. (July, 2018). 鈥淪hared alternative realities.鈥 Paper presented at the INGroup meeting, Bethesda, Maryland.

Choi, H*., & Markman, K.D. (May, 2018). 鈥淪ecuring and seeking a sense of meaning through counterfactual thinking. Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Sosa, N*., & Markman, K.D. (May, 2018). 鈥淟ost but not forgotten: Nonrepeatable nostalgic memories reduce positive feelings. Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Habbert, R*., Schroeder, J., & Markman, K.D. (March, 2018). 鈥淏etting on momentum: Psychological momentum increases expectations of winning. Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Atlanta, Georgia.

Sosa, N*., & Markman, K.D. (March, 2018). 鈥淟ost but not forgotten: Nonrepeatable nostalgic memories reduce positive feelings. Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Atlanta, Georgia.

Osborn, H*., Howell, J., & Markman, K.D. (April, 2017). 鈥淣ostalgic reverie and affect toward past and present selves.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Smith, S*., & Markman, K.D. (April 2017). 鈥淭heories of intelligence as a moderator of the relationship between experience-taking and performance.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Sosa, N*., Markman, K.D., & Howell, J. (April, 2017). 鈥淭he search for meaning after direct and promised compensation.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Choi, H*., & Markman, K.D. (January, 2017). 鈥淎ccepting guilty past through future opportunity.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, San Antonio, Texas.

Sosa, N*., Markman, K.D., & Howell, J. (January, 2017). 鈥淪poiling the magic trick: The search for meaning after direct and promised compensation.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, San Antonio, Texas.

Habbert, R*., Schroeder, J., & Markman, K.D. (November, 2016). 鈥淭he effect of psychological momentum on perceived performance.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Judgment and Decision Making, Boston, Massachusetts.

Beauchamp, A.L*., & Markman, K.D. (May, 2016). 鈥淭he fantasy self: Fictional-world self- concepts influence experience taking.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Choi, H*., & Markman, K.D. (May, 2016). 鈥淎ccepting guilty past through future opportunity.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Smith, S.M*., & Markman, K.D. (May, 2016). 鈥淵ou are what you read: Experience-taking predicts performance.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Beauchamp, A.L*., Wilkinson, M*., Markman, K.D., & Patterson, S. (January, 2016). 鈥淧erceptions of eeriness: Electro-dermal activity and self-report responses to the uncanny valley.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, San Diego, California.

Ingraffia, Z.A*., & Markman, K.D. (January 2016). 鈥淯sing race to make sense of athletic performance.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, San Diego, California.

Osborn, H.J*., & Markman, K.D. (January, 2016). 鈥淭he mechanics of nostalgia.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, San Diego, California.

Sosa, N*., & Markman, K.D. (January, 2016). 鈥淭he (causal) complexity of close calls: Counterfactual thinking moderates the effect of causal complexity on equifinal thoughts. Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, San Diego, California.

Smith, S.M*., & Markman, K.D. (October, 2015). 鈥淵ou are what you read: The relationship between experience-taking and performance.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Southeastern Social Psychology, Winston-Salem, NC.

Beauchamp, A.L*., & Markman, K.D. (February, 2015). 鈥淢otives for counterfactual-seeking: Negative and unexpected endings elicit interest in learning what would have been.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Long Beach, California.

Choi, H*., & Markman, K.D. (February, 2015). 鈥淪hared alternative reality.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Long Beach, California.

Osborn, H.J*., & Markman, K.D. (February, 2015). 鈥淪elf-uncertainty predicts discontinuity between past and present selves.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Long Beach, California.

Pinegar, S.K*., & Markman, K.D. (February, 2015). 鈥淩ewarding intuition: The deleterious effect of accuracy motivation on intuition.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Long Beach, California.

Smith, S.M*., & Markman, K.D. (February, 2015). 鈥淵ou are what you read: The relationship between experience-taking and performance.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Long Beach, California.

Choi, H*., & Markman, K.D. (May, 2014). 鈥淪hared alternative reality.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Beauchamp, A*., & Markman, K.D. (January, 2014). 鈥淧erspective-taking in narratives: When the protagonist becomes more like you.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Austin, Texas.

Pinegar, S.K*., & Markman, K.D. (January, 2014). 鈥淩ewarding intuition: The damaging effect of extrinsic motivation on the unconscious components of intuition.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Austin, Texas.

Briki, W., Doron, J., Markman, K.D., den Hartigh, R.J.R., & Gernigon, C. (August, 2013). 鈥淧sychological momentum and its interruption: A comparison between actors鈥 and observers鈥 reactions.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the International Society of Sports Psychology, Beijing, China.

Choi, H*., & Markman, K.D. (January, 2013). 鈥淚mplications of future opportunity for counterfactual thinking and regret.鈥 Poster presented at the Judgment and Decision-Making Preconference that precedes the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, New Orleans, Louisiana.

Dyczewski, E.A*., & Markman, K.D. (January, 2013). 鈥淒econstructing creativity: How creativity relies on seeing the forest and the trees.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, New Orleans, Louisiana.

Pinegar, S.K*., & Markman, K.D. (January, 2013). 鈥淩ewarding intuition: The reverse effect of extrinsic motivation on intuitive accuracy.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, New Orleans, Louisiana.

Smith, S.M*., & Markman, K.D. (January, 2013). 鈥淐omparing to friends and enemies.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, New Orleans, Louisiana.

Briki, W., den Hartigh, R., Markman, K.D., & Gernigon, C. (September, 2012).鈥淟a dynamique du momentum psychologique: Role de l鈥檋istoire des ev茅nements et du type d鈥檌mplication dans la situation.鈥 Poster presented at the Journ茅e du Congr猫s de la F茅d茅ration Fran莽aise de Natation, Paris, France.

Miller, A.K*., Markman, K.D., Amacker, A.M., & Menaker, T. (March, 2012). 鈥淓xpressed sexual assault legal context and victim culpability attributions.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the American Psychology and Law Society, Washington, District of Columbia.

Choi, H*., & Markman, K.D. (January, 2012). 鈥溾橧f only I had鈥 versus 鈥榠f only I had not:鈥 Counterfactual structure, ease of imagination, and meaning perceptions.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, San Diego, California.

Mizoguchi, N*., & Markman, K.D. (January, 2012). 鈥淒iminishing the perceived importance of the self: An alternative route to self-protection.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, San Diego, California.

Pinegar, S.K*., & Markman, K.D. (January, 2012). 鈥淧uppies, spiders, and hunches: Biases in stimuli matter.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, San Diego, California.

Smith, S.M*., & Markman, K.D. (January, 2012). 鈥淓xperiential versus rational regret: Need for intuition determines regret intensity following switching and sticking decisions.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, San Diego, California.

Choi, H*., & Markman, K.D. (August, 2011). 鈥淐ounterfactual structure, ease of imagination, and meaning perceptions.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Korean Psychological Association, Seoul, Korea.

Dyczewski, E.A*., & Markman, K.D. (January, 2011). 鈥淗ow local and global processing influence creative performance.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, San Antonio, Texas.

Guenther, C.L*., & Markman, K.D. (January, 2011). 鈥淒istinguishing between momentum and the hot hand: It鈥檚 about context.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, San Antonio, Texas.

Miller, A.K*., Markman, K.D., Wagner, M., & Hunt, A. (January, 2011). 鈥淢ental simulation and sexual prejudice reduction: The de-biasing role of counterfactual thinking following discrimination.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, San Antonio, Texas.

Pinegar, S.K*., & Markman, K.D. (January, 2011). 鈥淗ow confidence and analytical mindsets influence intuition.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, San Antonio, Texas.

Richards, B.R*., Markman, K.D., & Turchik, J*., & (January, 2011). 鈥溾橳he neg鈥: A counterintuitive relationship initiation strategy.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, San Antonio, Texas.

Dyczewski, E.A*., & Markman, K.D. (May, 2010). 鈥淭he impact of anticipated versus experienced feelings of regret and relief on bargaining decisions.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychology Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Pinegar, S.K*., & Markman, K.D. (May, 2010). 鈥淎nalytical mindsets undermine implicit learning.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychology Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Dyczewski, E.A*., & Markman, K.D. (January, 2010). 鈥淭he impact of anticipated versus experienced feelings of regret and relief on bargaining decisions.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Las Vegas, Nevada.

Karadogan, F*., & Markman, K.D. (January, 2010). 鈥淩egret intensity as a function of perceived future opportunities.鈥 Poster presented at the Judgment and Decision-Making Preconference preceding the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Las Vegas, Nevada.

Pinegar, S.K*., & Markman, K.D. (January, 2010). 鈥淎nalytical mindsets undermine implicit learning.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Las Vegas, Nevada.

Richards, B.R*. & Markman, K.D. (January, 2010). 鈥淐lose-other handicapping: Providing another with an excuse for failure.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Las Vegas, Nevada.

Dyczewski, E.A*., & Markman, K.D. (June, 2009). 鈥淧artisan mental life.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Society, San Francisco, California.

Karadogan, F*., & Markman, K.D. (June, 2009). 鈥淩egret intensity as a function of perceived future opportunities.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Society, San Francisco, California.

Lindberg, M.J*., & Markman, K.D. (May, 2009). 鈥淐ounterfactual thinking as magical thinking: When what happens tomorrow makes yesterday seem predetermined.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychology Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Dyczewski, E.A*., & Markman, K.D. (February, 2009). 鈥溾橧f only I were a novice:鈥 Experience moderates the preparative function of counterfactual thinking.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Tampa, Florida.

Elizaga, R.A*., & Markman, K.D. (February, 2009). 鈥淒ifficult but not impossible: The adaptive effects of high level construals on the performance of complex tasks.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Tampa, Florida.

Karadogan, F*., & Markman, K.D. (February, 2009). 鈥淩egret intensity as a function of perceived future opportunities.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Tampa, Florida.

Lindberg, M.J*., & Markman, K.D. (February, 2009). 鈥淐ounterfactual thinking as magical thinking: When what happens tomorrow makes yesterday seem predetermined.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Tampa, Florida.

Miller, A.K*., Canales, E., Amacker, A., Velasco, L.F., Menaker, T., & Markman, K.D. (February, 2009). 鈥淢utability and propensity in judgments of sexual-assault victim blame.鈥 Poster presented at the Justice Pre-conference preceding the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Tampa, Florida.

Pinegar, S.K*., Lassiter, G.D., & Markman, K.D. (February, 2009). 鈥淚ntuition and mind-set congruence: Implications for task performance.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Tampa, Florida.

Karadogan, F*., & Markman, K.D. (November, 2008). 鈥淎re failed actions or inactions regretted more? The critical moderating role of perceived opportunity.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Judgment and Decision Making, Chicago, Illinois.

Karadogan, F*., & Markman, K.D. (August, 2008). 鈥淩egret intensity as a function of perceived future opportunities.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, Boston, Massachusetts.

Galinsky, A.D., Kray, L.J., Wong, E*., & Markman, K.D. (May, 2008). 鈥淐ounterfactual thinking and creativity.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Society, Chicago, Illinois.

Mizoguchi, N*., & Markman, K.D. (February, 2008). 鈥淪trength of white identification and perceptions of White privilege.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Albuquerque, New Mexico.

Kray, L.J., Galinsky, A.D., & Markman, K.D. (July, 2007). 鈥淎dding versus subtracting what might have been: The impact of counterfactual activation on integrative negotiations.鈥 Paper presented at the 20th Annual Meeting of the International Association for Conflict Management, Budapest, Hungary.

Ozmen, F*., & Markman, K.D. (2007, May). 鈥淎ction and inaction effects in regret: The moderating role of individual differences.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Mizoguchi, N*., Markman, K.D., & McMullen, M.N. (2007, January). 鈥溾橧t would have been worse under Saddam:鈥 Implications of counterfactual thinking for beliefs regarding the ethical treatment of prisoners of war.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Memphis, Tennessee.

Ratcliff, J.J*., Markman, K.D., Orbon, S*., & Lassiter, G.D. (2007, January). 鈥淕etting in touch with one鈥檚 feminine side motivates nonprejudiced personal standards.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Memphis,Tennessee.

Guenther, C.L*., & Markman, K.D. (2006, May). 鈥淭he na茂ve physics of psychological momentum.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Lindberg, M.J*., & Markman, K.D. (2006, May). 鈥淭he influence of counterfactual thinking on creativity and analytical reasoning.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Ratcliff, J.J*., Lassiter, G.D., Markman, K.D., Snyder, C.J*., & Duprey, M*. (2006, May). 鈥淕ender-role variables as antecedents to motivation to respond without prejudice.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Berlin, A.B*., & Markman, K.D. (2006, January). 鈥淪elf-esteem and attributions to discrimination.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Palm Springs, California.

Elizaga, R.A*., & Markman, K.D. (2006, January). 鈥淧eers and performance: How in-group and out-group comparisons moderate stereotype threat effects.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Palm Springs, California.

Lindberg, M.J*., & Markman, K.D. (2006, January). 鈥溾橧f only I had the correct mind-set:鈥 Counterfactual thinking, creativity, and analytical reasoning.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Palm Springs, California.

Ozmen, F*., & Markman, K.D. (2006, January). 鈥淔aith in intuition as a determinant of regret intensity following negative decision outcomes.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Palm Springs, California.

Ratcliff, J.J*., Lassiter, G.D., Markman, K.D., Snyder, C.J*., Duprey, M*., & Busse, E*. (2006, January). 鈥淕ender-role self-concepts and traditional gender-role beliefs as antecedents to motivation to respond without prejudice toward gay men and lesbians.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Palm Springs, California.

Ozmen, F*., Markman, K.D., & Roe, R.M. (2005, November). 鈥淔aith in intuition as a determinant of regret intensity following negative decision outcomes.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Judgment and Decision Making conference, Toronto, Canada.

Lindberg, M.J*., & Markman, K.D. (2005, May). 鈥淐ounterfactual thinking and abstract thought.鈥 Poster presented at the annual meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Elizaga, R.A*., & Markman, K.D. (2005, January). 鈥淐ounterfactual thinking, persistence, and motivation.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, New Orleans, Louisiana.

Ratcliff, J.J*., Lassiter, G.D., Dauster, S.M*., & Markman, K.D. (2005, January). 鈥淪ex differences in attitudes toward lesbians and gay men: The roles of internal and external motivation to respond without prejudice.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, New Orleans, Louisiana.

Ratcliff, J.J*., Markman, K.D., Lassiter, G.D., & Dauster, S*. (2004, May). 鈥淭he impact of prejudice-related discrepancies and perception on the impact of trait ascriptions.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Elizaga, R.A*., & Markman, K.D. (2004, January). 鈥淐ounterfactual thinking and regulatory focus.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Austin, Texas.

Markman, K.D., & Bailey, J.T*. (2004, January). 鈥淥pen-minded person perception.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Austin, Texas.

Miller, A.K*., & Markman, K.D. (2004, January). 鈥淩egulatory focus as a process factor maintaining hopelessness depression.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Austin, Texas.

Ratcliff, J.J*., Markman, K.D., & Lassiter, G.D. (2004, January). 鈥淭he role of prejudice-related discrepancies in the observation of ongoing behavior.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Austin, Texas.

Markman, K.D., & Bailey, J.T*. (2003, October). 鈥淥pen-minded person perception.鈥 Informal paper presented at the meeting of the Society for Experimental Social Psychology, Boston, Massachusetts.

Miller, A.K*., & Markman, K.D. (2003, January). 鈥淒epressive symptomatology moderates the relationship between counterfactual thinking and motivation.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Society, Atlanta, Georgia.

Markman, K.D., & Elizaga, R.A*. (2003, May). 鈥淐ounterfactual thinking and regulatory focus.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Markman, K.D., McMullen, M.N., & Ratcliff, J.J*. (2003, January). 鈥淪elective accessibility and counterfactual thinking: A test of the reflection-evaluation model.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Los Angeles, California.

Ratcliff, J.J*., & Markman, K.D. (2003, May). 鈥淗ot cognition: The influence of motivational intensity on subsequent performance strategies.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Roe, R.M., Barkan, R., & Markman, K.D. (2002, July). 鈥淧redictions of decision field theory based on prior outcomes.鈥 Paper presented at the Mathematical Psychology Conference, Oxford, Ohio.

Markman, K.D., & Hirt, E.R. (2002, February). 鈥淪ocial prediction and the 鈥榓llegiance bias.鈥欌 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Savannah, Georgia.

Hirt, E.R., Kardes, F., & Markman, K.D. (2001, May). 鈥淒ebiasing in social explanation: The moderating effects of need for closure.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Markman, K.D. (2001, February). 鈥淓ffects of threats to individual and collective self-esteem on implicit self-esteem.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, San Antonio, Texas.

McMullen, M.N., & Markman, K.D. (2000, February). 鈥淎utomatic and controlled processes in assimilative and contrastive counterfactual thinking.鈥 Invited poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Nashville, Tennessee.

Markman, K.D., & Tetlock, P.E. (1999, October). 鈥淎ccountability and close-call counterfactuals: The loser who nearly won and the winner who nearly lost.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Society for Experimental Social Psychology, St. Louis, Missouri.

McMullen, M.N., & Markman, K.D. (1999, June). 鈥淐ounterfactual thinking about categorical cutoffs: The moderating role of future prospects.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Society, Denver, Colorado.

Markman, K.D., & Tetlock, P.E. (1998, May). 鈥淐lose counterfactuals and accountability: The loser who nearly won and the winner who almost lost.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

McMullen, M.N., & Markman, K.D. (1998, May). 鈥淒ownward counterfactuals and motivation.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Markman, K.D., & Tetlock, P.E. (1997, May). 鈥淎ccountability, foreseeability, and defensive counterfactual thinking.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Markman, K.D., & Weary, G. (1996, May). 鈥淐ontrol motivation, depression, and counterfactual thought.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Markman, K.D., & Weary, G. (1995, July). 鈥淭he relationship between depression, counterfactual thinking, and perceived control.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Society, New York, New York.

Markman, K.D. (1995, May). 鈥淪elf-enhancement, self-verification, and the biasing of self-relevant memories.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Markman, K.D., & Hirt, E.R. (1994, May). 鈥淐onsidering multiple plausible alternatives as a debiasing strategy.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

McMullen, M.N., & Markman, K.D. (1994, May). 鈥淐ounterfactual thinking influences both affect and perceived control.鈥 Poster presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Markman, K.D. (1994, April). 鈥淐onsidering multiple alternatives debiases judgments...but only if the alternatives are plausible.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Social Psychologists of Indiana Conference, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana.

Markman, K.D., & Hirt, E.R. (1993, May). 鈥淐ognitive and affective consequences of self-regulation.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Markman, K.D. (1992, April). 鈥淐ounterfactual thinking and perceived control.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Social Psychologists of Indiana Conference, DePauw University, Greencastle, Indiana.

Markman, K.D., McMullen, M.N., & Gavanski, I. (1992, May). 鈥淐ounterfactual thinking and the illusion of control.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

McMullen, M.N., Markman, K.D., & Gavanski, I. (1992, May). 鈥淪pontaneous counterfactual thinking.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Markman, K.D., Gavanski, I., Sherman, S.J., & McMullen, M.N. (1991, May). 鈥淭he functional value of counterfactual thought.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

Markman, K.D., Gavanski, I., Sherman, S.J., & McMullen, M.N. (1990, November). 鈥淭he functional value of counterfactual thought.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Psychonomic Society, New Orleans, Louisiana.

Markman, K.D. (1990, April). 鈥淒ifferential outcomes and counterfactual thinking.鈥 Paper presented at the meeting of the Social Psychologists of Indiana Conference, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.

Invited Conference Addresses

(2018, October). 鈥A Temporal Self-Appraisal Perspective on Nostalgia and Regret.鈥 Presented at the meeting of the Person Memory Interest Group, Union, Washington.

(2017, May). 鈥Psychological Momentum: The Phenomenology of Goal Pursuit鈥 (as part of a symposium entitled 鈥淩ecent Breakthroughs in the Study of Psychological Momentum鈥). Presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Society, Boston, Massachusetts.

(2017, May). 鈥淭he Effect of Psychological Momentum on Perceived Performance鈥 (as part of a symposium entitled 鈥淩ecent Breakthroughs in the Study of Psychological Momentum鈥). Presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Society, Boston, Massachusetts.

(2014, October). 鈥A (Creative) Portrait of the Uncertain Individual: Uncertainty about the Present Self Enhances Creative Generation鈥 (as part of a symposium entitled 鈥淯ncertainty Across Time: Present Days of Future Past鈥). Presented at the meeting of the Society for Experimental Social Psychology, Columbus, Ohio.

(2014, July). 鈥Contextualizing Regret鈥 (as part of a symposium entitled 鈥淩ecent Advances in Counterfactual Thinking鈥). Presented at the meeting of the European Association for Social Psychology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

(2013, August). 鈥Contextualizing Regret鈥 (as part of a symposium entitled 鈥淭he Psychology of Regret: Process, Function, and Form鈥). Presented at the Subjective Probability, Utility, and Decision Making Conference, Barcelona, Spain.

(2012, July). 鈥Opportunity Stops Knocking: Regret and Temporal Asymmetry in Perceived Opportunity鈥 (as part of a symposium entitled: 鈥淢ental and Social Simulation鈥). Presented at the International Conference on Thinking, London, England.

(2012, July). 鈥Counterfactual Structure, Fate, and Meaning鈥 (as part of a symposium entitled: 鈥淢ental and Social Simulation鈥). Presented at the International Conference on Thinking, London, England.

(2011, July). 鈥Functions of Counterfactual Thinking: The Moderating Role of Implicit Theories of Intelligence鈥 (as part of a symposium entitled: 鈥淭hinking is For Doing, or Not Doing: New Perspectives on Cognition, Goals, and Self-regulatory Behavior鈥). Presented at the meeting of the European Association for Social Psychology, Stockholm, Sweden.

(2010, October). 鈥Regret, Consistency, and Choice: An Opportunity X Mitigation Framework.鈥 Presented at the meeting of the Person Memory Interest Group, Paynesville, Minnesota.

(2010, October). 鈥The Sense-Making and Benefit-Finding Functions of Mental Simulations鈥 (as part of a symposium entitled: 鈥淓xploring the Future of Experimental Existential Psychology鈥). Presented at the meeting of the Society for Experimental Social Psychology, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

(2010, January). 鈥Counterfactuals and Meaning Making: The Phenomenology of Explanatory Coherence鈥 (as part of a symposium entitled: 鈥淢aking Meaning: The Human Quest for Understanding and Coherence鈥). Presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Las Vegas, Nevada.

(2009, October). 鈥Regret and Opportunity: A Conundrum鈥 (as part of a symposium entitled: 鈥淩egret and Dissonance: Old Friends, New Controversies.鈥 Presented at the meeting of the Society for Experimental Social Psychology, Portland, Maine.

(2008, October). 鈥It Was Meant to Be: Counterfactual Thinking as an Acausal Connecting Mechanism.鈥 Presented at the meeting of the Person Memory Interest Group, Petaluma, California.

(2008, August). 鈥Counterfactual Thinking As Magical Thinking: When What Happens Tomorrow Makes Today Seem Predetermined鈥 (as part of a symposium entitled: 鈥淐ounterfactual Thinking鈥). Presented at the International Conference on Thinking, San Servolo, Venice, Italy.

(2008, February). 鈥溾I鈥檓 On a Roll:鈥 How Psychological Momentum Influences Performance Expectations鈥 (as part of a symposium entitled: 鈥淔ast and Easy: Effects of Psychological Speed on Judgment and Emotion鈥). Presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Albuquerque, New Mexico.

(2007, January). 鈥Implications of Counterfactual Structure for Creative Generation and Analytical Problem Solving鈥 (as part of a symposium entitled: 鈥淏roadening the Scope of Creativity Research鈥). Presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Memphis, Tennessee.

(2006, June). 鈥The Na茂ve Physics of Psychological Momentum.鈥 Invited Paper presented at the annual Duck Conference on Social Cognition, Duck, North Carolina.

(2005, July). 鈥Mental Simulation and Motivation鈥 (as part of a symposium entitled: 鈥淭he Psychology of Counterfactual Thinking鈥). Presented at the meeting of the European Association for Experimental Social Psychology, W眉rzburg, Germany.

(2005, May). 鈥Reflective and Evaluative Modes of Mental Simulation: New Horizons in Counterfactual Thinking Research.鈥 Invited Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois.

(2005, January). 鈥Counterfactual Thinking and Motivation鈥 (as part of a symposium entitled: 鈥淢otivation in Comparison Processes鈥). Presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, New Orleans, Louisiana.

(2004, August). 鈥Reflective and Evaluative Modes of Mental Simulation: Implications for Motivation in Organizational Settings鈥 (as part of a symposium entitled: 鈥淐ounterfactual Thinking in Organizations: A Multi-Level Analysis鈥). Presented at the meeting of the Academy of Management, New Orleans, Louisiana.

(2002, October). 鈥What Could Have Been鈥hat Should Have Been: Examining the Mental Simulations of 9/11 Survivors鈥 (as part of a symposium entitled: 鈥淪ocial Psychological Perspectives on 9/11鈥). Presented at the meeting of the Society for Experimental Social Psychology, Columbus, Ohio.

(1993, August). 鈥Counterfactuals and Control鈥 (as part of a symposium entitled: 鈥淩ecent Advances in Counterfactual Thinking Research鈥). Presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, Toronto, Canada.

Preconferences Organized

(2015, February). 鈥Mental Simulation Preconference.鈥 Presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Long Beach, California.

Conference Symposia Chaired

(2017, May). 鈥Recent Breakthroughs in the Study of Psychological Momentum.鈥 Presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Society, Boston, Massachusetts.

(2013, August). 鈥The Psychology of Regret: Process, Function, and Form.鈥 Presented at the Subjective Probability, Utility, and Decision Making Conference, Barcelona, Spain.

(2012, July). 鈥Mental and Social Simulation.鈥 Presented at the International Conference on Thinking, London, England.

(2011, July). 鈥Thinking is For Doing鈥r Not Doing: New Perspectives on Cognition, Goals, and Self-regulatory Behavior.鈥 Presented at the meeting of the European Association for Social Psychology, Stockholm, Sweden.

(2010, January). 鈥淢aking Meaning: The Human Quest for Understanding and Coherence.鈥 Presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Las Vegas, Nevada.

(2009, October). 鈥Regret and Dissonance: Old Friends, New Controversies.鈥 Presented at the meeting of the Society for Experimental Social Psychology, Portland, Maine.

(2005, January). 鈥Motivation in Comparison Processes.鈥 Presented at the meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, New Orleans, Louisiana.

Invited Departmental Colloquia

(2013, April). 鈥Making Sense the Counterfactual Way.鈥 Colloquium presented at the University of Michigan, Department of Psychology.

(2013, April). 鈥Making Sense the Counterfactual Way.鈥 Colloquium presented at the University of Tennessee, Department of Psychology.

(2013, April). 鈥Psychological Momentum: Believing is Perceiving.鈥 Colloquium presented at the University of Toronto, Department of Psychology.

(2013, March). 鈥Making Sense the Counterfactual Way.鈥 Colloquium presented at the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Department of Psychology.

(2012, May). 鈥Counterfactual Thinking: Function and Form.鈥 Colloquium presented at the University of Florida, Department of Psychology.

(2011, May). 鈥Counterfactual Thinking: The Light, the Dark, and the Gray.鈥 Colloquium presented at the University of Chicago, Department of Psychology.

(2011, March). 鈥It Was Meant to Be: How Counterfactual Thinking Makes Sense of the Inexplicable.鈥 Colloquium presented at the State University of New York-Brockport, Department of Psychology.

(2010, October). 鈥It Was Meant to Be: How Counterfactual Thinking Makes Sense of the Inexplicable.鈥 Colloquium presented at the University of Toledo, Department of Psychology.

(2010, April). 鈥Counterfactual Thinking as Magical Thinking: When What Happens Tomorrow Makes Yesterday Seem Predetermined.鈥 Colloquium presented at the Social Behavior Interest Group Series, Ohio State University, Department of Psychology.

(2007, January). 鈥Psychological Momentum: Intuitive Physics and Na茂ve Beliefs.鈥 Colloquium presented at the Ohio State University, Department of Communications.

(2006, December). 鈥The Na茂ve Physics of Psychological Momentum.鈥 Colloquium presented at Miami University, Department of Psychology.

(2006, November). 鈥The Na茂ve Physics of Psychological Momentum.鈥 Colloquium presented at the University of Arkansas, Department of Psychology.

(2006, September). 鈥The Na茂ve Physics of Psychological Momentum.鈥 Colloquium presented at the University of Iowa, Department of Psychology.

(2004, April). 鈥Reflective and Evaluative Modes of Mental Simulation.鈥 Colloquium presented at the University of Kentucky, Department of Psychology.

(2004, March). 鈥A Reflection and Evaluation Model of Comparative Thinking.鈥 Colloquium presented at Indiana University, Department of Psychology.

(2004, January). 鈥A Reflection and Evaluation Model of Comparative Thinking.鈥 Colloquium presented at Purdue University, Department of Psychology.

(2001, March). 鈥Functions of Counterfactual Thought.鈥 Colloquium presented at Alma College, Department of Psychology.

(2000, November). 鈥Comparative and Experiential Modes of Mental Simulation: A Dual-Process Model of Counterfactual Thinking.鈥 Colloquium presented at 51社区, Department of Psychology.

(1999, October). 鈥Functions of Counterfactual Thought.鈥 Colloquium presented at Ohio Wesleyan University, Department of Psychology.

(1998, March). 鈥Toward a Dual Process Model of Functional Counterfactual Thought.鈥 Colloquium presented at Rutgers University-Newark, Department of Psychology.

(1997, March). "The Loser That Almost Won and the Winner That Almost Lost: Implications of Close Counterfactuals for Affect and Decision-Making." Colloquium presented at the Behavioral Decision Series, Ohio State University, Department of Psychology.

(1997, February). "Functions of Counterfactual Thought." Colloquium presented at San Diego State University, Department of Psychology.

(1997, February). "Functions of Counterfactual Thought." Colloquium presented at Lehigh University, Department of Psychology.

(1996, November). "Functions of Counterfactual Thought." Colloquium presented at the University of Arizona, Department of Psychology.

(1996, February). "Functions of Counterfactual Thought." Colloquium presented at Central Michigan University, Department of Psychology.

Invited Lectureships

(2009, June-July). 鈥It Was Meant to Be: Counterfactual Thinking and Ascriptions of Fate.鈥 Main Lectureship conducted as part of the International Summer School on Decision-Making, Milan, Italy.

Alumni

  • (2017), Assistant Professor, LaGrange College
  • (2016), Assistant Professor, Marshall University
  • (2015), Assistant Professor, Minnesota State University-Mankato
  • (2014), Subline Assistant Professor, Baruch College-CUNY
  • (2013), Associate Professor, Shawnee State University
  • (2012), Professor, Florida State College at Jacksonville
  • (2010), Lecturer, Central Michigan University
  • (2010), Assistant Professor, Youngstown State University
  • (2009), Associate Professor, Columbus State Community College
  • (2007), Associate Professor, The College at Brockport, SUNY
  • (2005)

Professional Activities and Associations

Member

  • Midwestern Psychological Association
  • Society for Experimental Social Psychology
  • Society for Personality and Social Psychology

Editor-in-Chief

  • Social and Personality Psychology Compass (2013-present)

Co-Editor-in-Chief

  • Imagination, Cognition, and Personality (2015-present)

Associate Editor

  • Social Cognition (2014-2016)
  • Social and Personality Psychology Compass (2008-2013)
  • Basic and Applied Social Psychology (2007-2008)

Editorial Board Member

  • Self & Identity (2008-present)
  • Social Cognition (2016-present)
  • Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (2009-2017)
  • Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (2012-2016)
  • Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (2007-2013)
  • Social and Personality Psychology Compass (2007-2008)
  • Basic and Applied Social Psychology (2007)

Ad-hoc Reviewing

National Science Foundation, British Journal of Social Psychology, Cognition, Cognitive Science, Current Directions in Psychological Science, Emotion, European Journal of Social Psychology, Evolutionary Psychology, Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, Journal of Experimental Psychology, Journal of Personality, Journal of Research in Personality, Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, Judgment and Decision Making, Management Science, Memory & Cognition, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Personality and Social Psychology Review, Psychological Bulletin, Psychological Review, Psychological Science, Psychology of Sport and Exercise, Social Psychological and Personality Science, Social Influence, Social Psychology, Thinking and Reasoning

Committees Served

  • Assistant Chair for Graduate Studies (2007-2013)
  • Brownbag and Colloquium Coordinator (2013-2016)
  • Cross-cultural Search Committee (2002-2003)
  • Department-level Promotion and Tenure Committees (2007-present), Chair, 2015
  • Director of Experimental Training (2013-2016)
  • Experimental Admissions Committee (2002-2003, 2004-2006, 2009-2010, 2013-2016), Chair, 2004-2005
  • Faculty Evaluation Committee (2008, 2009, 2011, 2012)
  • Faculty Workload Committee (2013-2016)
  • Fantasy Football League Commissioner (2012-2016)
  • Industrial/Organizational Endowed Chair Search Committee (2005-2007)
  • Participant Pool Co-coordinator (2003-2017)
  • Policy, Planning, and Administration Committee (2002-2016)
  • Social Psychology Search Committee (2009-2010)